How does the Working Memory Model extend the concept of a single short-term store?

• A. It posits multiple subsystems for temporary storage and processing.
• B. It claims short-term memory is the only memory needed.
• C. It states short-term memory is identical to long-term memory.
• D. It denies any interaction with long-term memory.

Answer: (A)

The idea being tested is that short-term memory isn’t just one simple storage unit. The Working Memory Model adds a central control system plus separate temporary storage subsystems for different kinds of information. The phonological loop handles verbal information and subvocal rehearsal, the visuospatial sketchpad manages visual and spatial data, and the episodic buffer (along with the central executive) integrates information from these subsystems and from long-term memory. This structure allows us to hold and manipulate different types of information at the same time, which a single short-term store couldn’t explain. It also allows interaction with long-term memory, so knowledge can be retrieved and used to support current processing. The other statements contradict this richer, multi-component view by implying there’s only one memory store, that short-term memory and long-term memory are the same, or that there’s no exchange between the two.